A Study Of Characters Essay Research Paper free essay sample

A Study Of Characters Essay, Research Paper A study of characters in # 8220 ; Hot Gossip # 8221 ; by Deborah Lawrenson In her novel # 8220 ; Hot Gossip # 8221 ; Deborah Lawrenson makes her characters vivacious, influencing and fascinating ; she utilizes her alone way to catch her peruser # 8217 ; s joining in. Lawrenson utilizes a fascinating and humourous mystery plan joined with complex characters to make a mockery on the dream universe and terrible jokes of the rich and celebrated as observed by the tattle editorialist who # 8217 ; s occupation is to air different people groups lives while keeping up their ain respite. On occasion this new seems to get truly close to reality. Inside the casing work of the central mystery plan, the story abdominal muscle initio seems to follow a youthful # 8220 ; to some degree credulous # 8221 ; draw a dab oning writer, as she moves from # 8220 ; knowledge room insouciant # 8221 ; to go a full clasp individual from # 8220 ; the best chatter segment in the state # 8221 ; . At that point it becomes apparent that the main mystery plan is truly part two different ways, the principal way following the juvenile writer # 8211 ; Rosy Hope-the second way following her foreman who is the commended talk editorialist Anthony Sward through his own employments. By partitioning the central mystery plan as such the peruser augmentations a more extensive situation of the # 8220 ; out of this universe # 8221 ; play area where the rich and praised # 8220 ; play # 8221 ; . As the two boss mystery plans run equal there are other than a few sub mystery plans going on at any one clasp ; these sub mystery designs other than go about as connections between the two mystery designs as the characters traverse from one to the next. These sub mystery plans go about as a gadget to demo the peruser the account behind the story which is an of import nexus to one of the books # 8217 ; messages-Don # 8217 ; t think everything which is imprinted in the papers. The new attracts to a choice by passing on both boss mystery designs together at a significant cultural occasion which other than permits the peruser to run into again a portion of the all the more intriguing characters from the sub mystery designs each piece great. Rosey Hope is the cardinal character of the primary boss plot line. She is 25, divides a level with a companion. Her occupation at the # 8220 ; Daily Dispatch # 8221 ; is her first experience of work on a significant paper. Some portion of Lawrenson # 8217 ; s way is to do certain characters names emblematic portrayals of their characters ; she has utilized this method in the imaginative movement of the character of Rosey Hope. The name Rosey recommends that this character takes a gander at her universe in an impossible to miss way # 8211 ; through rose colored focal points. These # 8220 ; focal points # 8221 ; hold a the outcome of passing on the rose-shaded universe of the rich and celebrated in to the situation of world. For representation when Rosey goes to a # 8220 ; Intro. # 8221 ; party which is tossed with its sole plan being to deliver frightful talks and occupations for those entertainers # 8220 ; who wear # 8217 ; t haggle on their dorsums however do it Sharon Stone way # 8221 ; for example be explicitly forceful to gain the occupation. Rosey perceives the truth about these individuals. She meets a # 8220 ; young lady # 8221 ; at the gathering she noticed that the # 8220 ; young lady # 8221 ; had # 8220 ; traded the sprout of youngster for a decent cosmetics innovative individual # 8221 ; and the peruser sees this too much through her eyes. Rosey speaks to # 8220 ; common # 8221 ; individuals here. She is fairly stunned and overpowered by the jokes of the praised party invitees. Rosey # 8217 ; s family name # 8211 ; Hope # 8211 ; other than comes into show here, as she attempts to exonerate what she sees # 8211 ; the head of constabulary wearing a Tutu # 8211 ; or she turns a visually impaired oculus to those jokes which she can # 8217 ; t pardon confiding in she doesn # 8217 ; t gain brought into them # 8211 ; the Television moderator rising up out of the nursery shed with different blondies. Other than Rosey # 8217 ; s name is concerned her own life, her first name mirrors that segment of her character which is certain and sure this side of Rosey is predominantly held for covering with her folks. Her family name reflects Rosey # 8217 ; s internal self image, she trusts her new occupation works out, she trusts that she doesn # 8217 ; t look fat, she trusts her cultural life will get, she other than trusts that her affection life will hop into being. Another character whose name speaks to his character is John Sylvester. His family name is truly close to that of # 8220 ; Slyvester # 8221 ; and one time this association is made the peruser has been given a suggestion to this character # 8217 ; s character. Lawrenson proceeds to portray him as a # 8220 ; weasel # 8221 ; with # 8220 ; smooth # 8221 ; hair. Which fits totally with the disguised indication in his family name to demo this character genuine nature. He is a distributing house who needs to print a collection of memoirs on Anthony Sward. Sadly for him Sward completely cannot. This portion non demoralize him, he enrolls the guide of Sward # 8217 ; s rival gab editorialist # 8211 ; Benadict Pierce # 8211 ; and they leave on a figure of underhand ploys to make Swards # 8220 ; informal personal history # 8221 ; . Anthony Sward is the cardinal character of the second plot line. The scholars way is distinctive for this development of the novel contrasted and the main which includes Rosy Hope and a rational situation of high society. This region shows a progressively calendered and an alluring picture. In this development a character # 8217 ; s name doesn # 8217 ; t straight speak to their character ; however there is as yet a nexus. The association between Anthony Sward and his name is entwined with that of his challenger # 8211 ; Benadict Pierce who is a fruitless chatter editorialist. Their joint association is by means of their family names. Anthony Sward # 8217 ; s last name sounds extremely comparable # 8220 ; Sword # 8221 ; again this is an insight to his character. A sharp edge is a ground-breaking and of import arm, this reflects Anthony Sward # 8217 ; s place as an extremely of import and powerful person. The substance of Sward # 8217 ; s tattle segment all things considered have sensa tional and regularly dreadful effects, just like the arm. With respect to Benadict Pierce his family name recommends an actualize that is less emotional than a cutting edge yet can every so often be puncturing. For delineation while looking to secure # 8220 ; delicious # 8221 ; research Martial for Sward # 8217 ; s informal life he figures out how to # 8220 ; puncture # 8221 ; Sward # 8217 ; s safeguard instruments by attempting to score Rosey, who accidentally gives him a fringe on one O f Sward’s most firmly controlled privileged insights †his female parent Eva Coutts. The derivations of this character’s name mirrors this spot, he is non curiously of import or powerful and the substance of his chatter segment all things considered doesn’t cause a very remarkable sprinkle. There is a conundrum between the spot each opponent holds and the principal note of their first names. Anthony starts with the letter â€Å"A† and he is the taking creator in his field. Benadict starts with the note â€Å"B† and his place is lower than that of Sward’s. Other than the association of A first B second is reflected in quite a while work, Sward will interfere with an account principal and Pierce will repeat a similar story a couple yearss hence. Lawrenson doesn # 8217 ; t only nexus characters in this development with their names, her characters appear to sutily extend an atmosphere of themselves on to their milieus. Anthony is a sense of self made achievement account. Subsequent to being told at 19 he didn # 8217 ; t have the # 8220 ; right articulation # 8221 ; to be a significant histrion he # 8220 ; obtained # 8221 ; a suit from his moving school # 8217 ; s storage room area, assumed the anonym of # 8220 ; Anthony Sward # 8221 ; . He deceived his way in to another eating house by taking on the appearance of an eating house pundit, where he # 8220 ; Ate, drank, so had an attack of regret # 8221 ; . So he composed a crit on the eating house and sent it to his nearby paper, # 8220 ; who sent him two lbs for disbursals and a rundown of eating house he may wish to look for # 8221 ; . He stirred his way up the epicure stepping stool from at that place, until he was feasting with the # 8220 ; rich and praised # 8221 ; . Turf in a matter of seconds understood that name dropping was useful for drawing perusers and he began to form more on the who and less on the where. This lead to his ain chatter segment and a conceivably fatale weight work. It # 8217 ; s Sward # 8217 ; s extensive midsection line and weight work which Lawrenson has decided to extend on this character # 8217 ; s milieus through her promise pick. Everything about Sward is huge his motions are # 8220 ; brushing # 8221 ; , he # 8220 ; grows # 8221 ; into his milieus, he is even portrayed as a # 8220 ; massive # 8221 ; by Rosey. Sod # 8217 ; s weight work is brought to the peruser # 8217 ; s going to by Sward himself as he is ceaselessly and fruitlessly endeavors to count calories. At the point when Turf experiences a curiously # 8220 ; awful spot # 8221 ; , the full section is loaded up with supplement illustrations. Sod is in his nursery and there is a # 8220 ; tangerine # 8221 ; sky with # 8220 ; marshmallow # 8221 ; mists ; the waterway at the underside of the nursery streams like # 8220 ; tracheal # 8221 ; . This pictures recommend something which is delicate and delicious Sward # 8217 ; s chest, the # 8220 ; tracheal # 8221 ; waterway represnts Sward # 8217 ; s blood fluxing througn his chest. Tracheal is thick and moderate moveing which is an immediate nexus with Swards work # 8211 ; his chest is under too much presure and it isn # 8217 ; t siphoning his blood around

Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry

Terminology of Organic Chemistry Natural Nomenclature Oxford Dictionaries (n.d.) characterizes terminology as â€Å"the conceiving or picking of names for things, particularly in a science or different discipline†{Dictionaries, #[emailprotected]@author-year}. I accept the simplest method to comprehend the guidelines related with the IUPAC classification of natural science is with models thus most of this article will manage models and their clarifications. Simek (1999) presents the efficient naming of a natural compound with a key standard, that to start naming, one should initially recognize the parent structure, â€Å"based on naming a molecule’s longest chain of carbons associated by single bonds, regardless of whether in a ceaseless chain or in a ring†. After which, â€Å"all deviations, either various bonds or molecules other than carbon and hydrogen, are demonstrated by prefixes or additions as indicated by a particular arrangement of priorities†. Simek (1999) likewise portrays how alkanes are immersed hydrocarbons, which are atoms just containing carbon and hydrogen reinforced by single bonds as it were. Alkanes can be partitioned into two fundamental gatherings, straight and cyclic; direct depicts particles that can be reinforced in consistent chains and cyclic portrays atoms that are fortified in a ring like structure. The least difficult of all to name are straight chain alkanes: CH4Methane C2H6Ethane C3H8Propane C4H10Butane C5H12Pentane C6H14Hexane C7H16Heptane C8H18Octane C9H20Nonane C10H22Decane C11H24Undecane C12H26Dodecane So as to name cycloalkanes, the prefix â€Å"cyclo† is utilized: C3H6CyclopropaneC4H8Cyclobutane C5H10Cycloheptane Terminology of Branched Chain Alkanes College of California, Davis (n.d.) portrays how â€Å"An alkyl bunch is framed by expelling one hydrogen from the alkane chain, and is depicted by the recipe CnH2n+1. The evacuation of this hydrogen brings about a stem change from-aneto-yl.† E.g. Propane to propyl. So as to methodicallly name a particle, first distinguish the parent structure. For this situation the longest carbon chain is 6-Carbons in length, subsequently the parent structure is Hexane. The carbons in the chain are numbered from the end giving the substituents (The gathering subbed instead of hydrogen, for this situation the substituent is CH3-Methyl) the most minimal conceivable number The substituents or utilitarian gatherings that are connected to the parent chain are then named. There are two, one-carbon long alkyl gatherings and therefore take methane, drop the - ane and supplant it with â€ylâ ­, giving methyl. N.B. On the off chance that the alkyl bunch is two-carbons in length (CH3CH2), the name would be ethyl, CH3CH2CH2-propyl, CH3CH2CH2CH2-butyl. Number the substituents to distinguish their positions comparative with the parent structure. Here, substituent positions are 2 and 4. Hardinger (2008) underlines that a number must be allocated to each substituent, alongside its prefix (di-, tri-, terta-, penta-, and so on.), regardless of whether the equivalent substituents are available in the particle In this model 2,4-dimethyl. Position numbers for substituents are requested numerically, substituent names are requested one after another in order (prefixes, for example, di-, tri-, tetra-, and so on., are rejected from in order requesting, however cyclo, iso and neo are incorporated) and are then composed before the parent name. On the off chance that these principles are clung to, the particle is named as: 2,4-dimethylhexane. Classification of Alkenes Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and contrast from alkanes, as they have in any event one C=C twofold security. Alkenes have the general equation CnH2n, which is a similar general recipe for cycloalkanes. Adhering to indistinguishable essential principles from previously, distinguish the parent structure. Here, the longest carbon chain is 7-Carbons in length, subsequently the parent structure is heptane. The atom is numbered so that the substituents have the least conceivable position numbers. The substituents are then named. As the particle has a twofold bond, it is distinguished as an alkene and as the parent structure is heptane, it is named heptene. In any case, consider there is likewise a methyl gathering. Numbering the places of the substituents gives, 2-methyl and 1,3-diene, since the atom contains one methyl gathering and two twofold bonds. Position numbers are requested numerically, the substituents requested one after another in order and both composed before the parent name. Because of the reality the twofold bonds utilize an addition (- ene is toward the finish of the name), 1,3-diene isn't requested before 2-methyl. Methodicallly naming the particle gives it an IUPAC name of: 2-methylhepta-1,3-diene. Terminology of Haloalkanes Haloalkanes are natural mixes, where an alkane contains in any event one halogen. Haloalkanes have a general recipe of CnH2n+1X (X=Halogen for example Cl) So as to name haloalkanes, the â€ine of the halogen name is expelled, leaving the prefix (for example fluorine becomes floro-, chlorine becomes chloro-, and so forth.). Similar guidelines are then applied to efficiently name the haloalkane. Terminology of Alkynes Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, as they contain in any event one C≠¡C security. Alkynes have the general equation CnH2n-2. Again recognize the parent structure, the longest carbon chain is 7-Carbons in length and hence the parent structure is distinguished as heptane. The atom is numbered so substituent positions have the most reduced potential numbers. Here the substituents are: two methyl gatherings, one chloro gathering and one C≠¡C triple bond. The longest chain is 7-Carbons in length and contains a C≠¡C triple bond; along these lines, it is distinguished as heptyne. The substituent positions are numbered giving: 6,6-dimethyl, 4-chloro and hept-2-yne. At long last position numbers are requested numerically, substituent names are requested one after another in order and are written before the parent name. The particle is given an IUPAC name: 4-chloro-6,6-dimethylhept-2-yne. Classification of Alcohols Alcohols are natural mixes containing at any rate one â€OH bunch clung to it. The hydroxyl bunch replaces a hydrogen on a carbon and along these lines, alcohols have the general equation CnH2n+1OH. The parent structure for this atom is recognized as octane, since the longest carbon chain is 8-Carbons in length. The atom is numbered, giving the most minimal potential numbers to substituents. Substituents in this atom are: one hydroxyl gathering and one chloro gathering. The longest carbon chain is 8-Carbons in length and since it contains a hydroxyl gathering, it is recognized as a liquor. The position numbers for substituents are: 4-chloro and octan-2-ol. Position numbers are requested numerically, substituent names are requested one after another in order and are set before the parent name (the hydroxyl bunch distinguishes the atom as a liquor, all things considered, it utilizes the postfix â€ol rather than the prefix hydroxy-). The particle has an IUPAC name: 4-chlorooctan-2-ol. Classification of Amines Amines are subsidiaries of alkali (NH3), the supplanting of at least one hydrogens in smelling salts with natural compound(s) makes an amine. Supplanting one hydrogen, will make an essential amine, two hydrogens †optional amine, three hydrogens †tertiary amine. Methylamine (essential) Dimethylamine (optional) Trimethylamine (tertiary) When naming amines, the longest carbon chain including the amine bunch is resolved and numbered so to give the amine bunch the least conceivable position number. In the event that the particle is an auxiliary amine, the longest carbon chain is utilized as the parent structure and the other chain is meant with N-alkyl (if the two chains are of equivalent length, the atom can be named dialkylamine). In the event that the particle is a tertiary amine, similar to auxiliary amines the longest carbon chain is utilized as the parent structure and different chains are signified with N-alkyl (if all chains are of equivalent length, the atom can be named trialkylamine). Classification of Ethers College of California, Davis (n.d.) depicts ethers as, natural exacerbates that contain two alkyl bunches attached to an oxygen iota (for example CH3CH2OCH3). Ethers just utilize the prefix alkoxy-, where the â€ane of the alkane is evacuated. As per University of California, Davis (n.d.) the prefix alkoxy-is constantly treated as a substituent, on the grounds that there is no postfix for ethers. When naming the atom the shorter carbon chain turns into the alkoxy-substituent (for example methoxy) and the more extended carbon chain is recognized as the parent structure. Terminology of Aldehydes and Ketones The two aldehydes and ketones are natural intensifies that contain the carbonyl gathering C=O. Aldehydes highlight toward the finish of a carbon chain (for example CH3CH2CH2CHO), though, ketones are a piece of the carbon chain (for example CH3CH2COCH3) When naming aldehydes note that they exist just on the parts of the bargains and in this way needn't bother with a position number remembered for the name, the aldehyde is ventured to be position 1. Aldehyde’s utilize the addition â€al in naming and supplant the â€e toward the finish of alkanes (for example Butane becomes butanal). Ketones utilize the postfix â€one in naming and supplant the â€e toward the finish of alkanes (for example pentane becomes pentanone); be that as it may, dissimilar to aldehydes ketones need position numbers, as there are numerous situations for the C=O bond (except for basic ketones like propanone, as there is just one situation for the carbonyl gathering). Classification of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids are natural intensifies that contain the carboxyl gathering COOH. Like aldehydes carboxylic acids are just present toward the finish of carbon chains and consequently, don't have positions numbers. Carboxylic acids utilize the postfix â€oic corrosive and supplant the â€e toward the finish of alkanes (for example Ethane becomes ethanoic corrosive). N.B. One must know, that despite the fact that there are orderly IUPAC names for all particles, a few atoms have normal names for example ethanoic corrosive used to be known as acidic a

3 Tips for Managing Money in the Gig Economy - OppLoans

3 Tips for Managing Money in the Gig Economy - OppLoans 3 Tips for Managing Money in the Gig Economy 3 Tips for Managing Money in the Gig EconomyIf youre not budgeting your money properly and building up your savings, you could end up struggling to make it from one paycheck to the next.As you’ve likely heard, participation in the gig economyâ€"short-term contracts, temp work, freelancing, and the likeâ€"is exploding. Recent studies estimate that 25 to 30 percent of all workers have done some form of independent work in the last month.There is no one type of gig workerâ€"they span all ages, genders, races, and levels of socioeconomic status. Some people rely on gig work because they cannot find full-time traditional employment that pays the bills. Other gig workers don’t want to find traditional, preferring the flexibility and control that gig work provides.Whatever your reasons for getting into gig work, the challenges it poses cannot be overlooked. Workloads are often unreliable and paychecks may be unsteady, which means proper money management is of the utmost importance.Due t o the work’s inherent unpredictability, gig workers can be vulnerable to risky loan products such as no credit check loans and bad credit loans. These short-term loans are often called payday loans because they are marketed as cash advances on paychecks for when money gets tight at the end of the monthâ€"a real concern for many gig workers.These loans may seem like a “band-aid” option for a gig worker trying to make ends meet while they chase down a paycheck or struggle to scrape together enough paying jobs. But between their sky-high interest rates and hidden fees, these loans can be more like a debt trap recipeâ€"and they are better avoided if at all possible.How do you avoid short-term, high-interest loans? We’re glad you asked. The trick is stellar money management, and we have a few financial tips specifically designed for gig workers.1. Define necessities.Everyone needs a budgetâ€"a way to track money in and money outâ€"but it is even more important for folks with fluc tuating monthly income, like gig workers. According to Jacob Dayan, CEO and co-founder of  Community Tax (@communitytaxllc) and  Finance Pal, “the first step to creating a budget based on a fluctuating income is to know what expenses you absolutely need to cover each month.” These are expenses related to things like housing, groceries, bills, and transportation.Marina Babaian, the founder and CEO of Mbridge Consulting Groupâ€"a woman-owned business and consulting firm that provides accounting, payroll, and business management services to start-ups, small, and medium-sized businessesâ€"agrees.She recommends eliminating all unnecessary expenses, including subscriptions (sorry Netflix!), to make sure you have a really good fix on what you actually need to spend. “A monthly or even weekly budget is needed to understand what your necessities are,” she says. Once those are mapped out, the trick is to spend accordingly.After your necessary expenses are covered, Dayan suggests worki ng “some savings into your budget as well, no matter how small.” He recommends a technique called the 50/30/20 rule: “50 percent of your income for necessities, 30 percent for discretionary spending, and 20 percent for savings.”It may seem unnecessary or difficult at first, but building a cushion will help in the future when an unexpected expense or lull in work crops up.2. Save for taxes.Don’t forget another key expense: taxes. “When you are self-employed,” explains Dayan, “you don’t have the ‘luxury’ of your taxes being automatically deducted from each paycheck.” You have to pay them all yourself, usually in quarterly installments. Additionally, without the help of an employer paying a portion of your taxes, you’ll be covering the whole burden yourself.This means you’ll likely owe the IRS and your state more taxes than you are used to. Dayan recommends setting aside a full “25 to 30 percent of your income so that when it comes time to pay your taxes, it’s already taken care of and you won’t have to worry about where the money is coming from.”Earlier this year, the IRS announced plans to “focus on self-employment tax compliance.” According to an audit they did, the agency found that noncompliance from gig workers contributed $69 billion to the annual tax gap, which is the difference between taxpayers owe and what they actually paid.Dayan suggests opening a separate bank account that is specifically for your taxes. That way, you won’t accidentally spend the money you need to pay your tax bill and end up owing the IRS even more money in fines. If you save too much, then you’ll have a bit left over to put in savings for that inevitable rainy day.3. Maintain or build good credit.“It is essential that while working in temp jobs your credit remains good,” says Babaian. “If times get tough, youre going to need good credit to give you some flexibility.” Good credit is essential to get the best terms on installment l oans, such as auto loans, mortgages, and personal loans.A 2017 poll by Upwork found that paycheck instability led 63 percent of full-time freelancers to dip into savings at least once per month (compared to only 20 percent of full-time non-freelancers). But what if you’re one of the 51 percent of workers who don’t have much in the way of savings?You may turn to something like a credit card if you can qualify for oneâ€"and that is all well and good if you can keep up with the payments. If not, credit card debt can start impacting your credit score, which will make it even harder in the future to find financial products that you qualify for. Credit card debt, by the way, is at a record highâ€"the average American holds a balance of more than $6,000.“If youre struggling to pay off your credit card balances,” says Babaian, even paying “one dollar over the minimum balance requirement will keep your credit rising.”Short-term solutions may be especially appealing to young peopl e who haven’t had time to establish good credit and may already have a sizable chunk of debt in the form of student loans. This is a big concern for a lot of gig workers, seeing as 47 percent of all millennials work in the gig economy, according to that same Upwork poll.At the end of the day, it’s important that gig workers manage their fluctuating income wisely. This means having a good fix on your necessities and creating a budget, making sure you stay on top of your taxes, and trying to maintain or improve your credit as best you can.To learn more about managing your money, check out  these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Save More Money with These 40 Expert TipsHow to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsBuilding Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersEmergency Funds Are Important: Here’s How to Start Building OneDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |InstagramContributorsJacob Dayan is the CEO and Co-Founder of  Community Tax, LLC (@communitytaxllc) and  Finance Pal, LLC. He began his career in Wall Street New York at Bear Stearns working in the Financial Analytics and Structured Transactions group. He continued to work in Wall Street until early 2009. When he then left New York and returned to Chicago to be with his family and pursue his lifelong dream  of self-employment. There he co-founded Community Tax, LLC followed by Finance Pal in late 2018.Marina Babaian is the founder of  Mbridge Consulting Group and its lead CPA. She has a diverse background working with highly regulated fintech companies, global start-ups, corporations, and dozens of public and private organizations. She began her career in the start-up sector and has risen to become a leading subject matter expert in that world. Being an alumnus of Woodbury University, she’s taken an unconventional approach to traditional acco unting practices through innovation and creativity. Working with various industries and companies, Marina discovered what many companies lack and that is a proper infrastructure and fundamentals needed to help a company become scalable due to the high cost and low resources. She has bottled her success to a science and has formed the Mbridge Consulting Group to solve this problem.

The Effects Of Video Games On Children - 1654 Words

On average, children under eighteen play about seven hours of video games every day. Two of the three top-selling video games in 2007 were Halo and Grand Theft Auto. These are both games whose descriptions include the words â€Å"blood,† â€Å"gore,† and â€Å"violence.† The violence in these games and the actions that the players take part in may be a harmful influence to the children and teenagers who play them. While playing video games, the players do not even realize that their emotions are flaring and that they are taking their character too seriously. Instead of keeping the character in the virtual reality, they are bringing the character’s traits to real life. When children are younger, they learn from what they see and hear. It might not seem like a big deal but they are learning certain characteristics from these games, especially violent ones, which can shape who they will become in the future. Parents need to be more cautious of the games they let their kids play and how the children spend their time. To the player, seven hours might not seem like a lot, but sitting in a dark room every day playing video games for that period of time has the potential to be dangerous to the player, mentally and physically. The amount of time children spend playing video games every day needs to decrease, especially the amount of time they are playing games in the violent video game category. Instead, parents should introduce children to games that are not rated â€Å"Mature† and that are more familyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Video games have always been a controversial type of entertainment, that may come from how relatively new video games are compared to other mediums of entertainment[1]. 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While much controversy has arisen over the subject, video games have benefited the United States of America and its citizens to a great degree. For example, the military and CIA use gaming to train soldiers (Davidson, www.ehow.com), and classrooms use video games to teach students. The potentialRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of today has developed in a way that even children are affected by technology. They enjoy video games in their leisure time and even prefer them to studying that, in its turn, can contribute to their poor performance in the class. These days, video games have become an issue that has brought concern to many people from parents to scholars about their potential effect on the future of children through influenci ng their conduct. They feel that the violent behavior or any other negative consequence

Critical Thinking Skill At Me My Professor - 948 Words

As a science major I am not given the opportunity to explore my imagination; everything that I learn is factual and unquestionable. Having the opportunity to take an advanced course such as English 1301, opened the window to a world of imagination, information, and wisdom. Prior to taking this course I struggled with different writing skills such as, understanding the process of writing, analyzing reading selection and applying basic critical thinking skill in an argumentative essay. I also struggled with the analysis of specific content in professional writing, identifying rhetorical strategies and synthesising concepts from references. Lucky for me my professor was very skilled and provided me with numerous activities and assignments that helped me improve my writing. Writing is not simply jotting down words in hopes of creating a masterpiece; it is a process that takes time, imagination, and brain power. Prior to taking English 1301 my method of writing simply involved writing the first thing that I felt made sense, this unorganized strategy resulted in essays with multiple grammatical errors that made absolutely no sense. As an English 1301 student I am fortunate to have a professor who had mastered the art of writing. In assigning group work activities and the literary analysis of songs, I was able to learn from my professor, that writing is a process not a product. Working in a group divided the workload and gave us more time to look at each other sShow MoreRelatedMy Writing Is Easy Isn t Doing It Right985 Words   |  4 PagesAuthor and professor of writing, Amy Joy stated â€Å"Anyone who says writing is easy isn t doing it right† Learning what I have about the writing process over this past semester, I can now confidently say that A my Joy is absolutely correct! Writing has never been my strong point but taking on the challenge to turn that around has been extremely rewarding. 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In addition, literature encourages mindfulness crucial in the workplace because it eliminates cultural bias while eradicating partial thought processes that lead to singleRead MoreHow I Learned At University Of Miami1139 Words   |  5 PagesWhile I was attending one of my classes, the professor asked us a surprising question regarding our purpose for studying at University of Miami. The question was whether our goal is to claim the Bachelor degree or expanding our knowledge about the major we’re studying? I was completely shoc ked by the question because I have never thought about studying engineering in this perspective. All I wanted was to get the Bachelor degree in order to secure my future. I kept thinking about this question for almostRead MoreReview Of Look At Your Fish 987 Words   |  4 PagesEducations role in developing creative and critical thinking places a valuable and beneficial skill for students thought process. 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The Cyber Security Risks Report - 764 Words

SQLinjection is a kind of attack that occurs through insertion or injection of a SQL query from the input data of the client to the application for repelling the database information even though the database is not directly connected with the internet. Jeff Orieff (2015) explained that the top Cyber Security Risks report revealed that over 60% of the Internet attacks were launched against Web Applications. Many IT Managers, Web Developers, and site owners are not aware of the threats in their web applications.Important changes that took place to the list are its focus being shifted from the top vulnerabilities to top risks. Organizations are aware of the risk, but they lack complete knowledge in the list of methods that describes and explains the risk. SQL Injection works to make the risk much more clear. Two risks were dropped from this update: Malicious File Execution due to tighter PHP security lowering the prevalence of this problem, and Information Leakage and Improper Error H andling because of a zed impact of disclosing stack trace that is minimal and the error message information. The list of attacks that occur from the SQL injection attacks are Injection:SQL Injection flaws are SQL, HTTP header injection, OS command injections. The attacks occur when unauthorized data, query, command or arguments is sent to an interpreter. Vulnerable applications can be triggered because of the unintended arguments or accepting the attacker to access the data and modifying theShow MoreRelatedThe Prospect And Challenges Of Cyber Security Insurance922 Words   |  4 Pages2.0 Introduction This chapter presents the prospect and challenges of cyber security insurance among It practitioners in the United Kingdom based on the literature that had been reviewed in the process of writing this paper. 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The federal agencies that have the greatest amount of oversite on the power grid are the Department of Homeland Defense (DHS), The Department of Energy (DOE) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Department of Homeland Security DHS is tasked with creating a national infrastructure protection plan for all critical

GDP and Stock Market Cycles Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the GDP and Stock Market Cycles. Answer: GDP as A Measure of Economic Well-Being Gross domestic product (GDP) is viewed as a quality estimate of the whole economy at a particular period of time. It measures the eventual output of an economy by adding investment, total consumption, net exports and government expenditure. By dividing the GDP of a country with the total population of the country we obtain per capita income which is essentially used to gauge the standards of living of the populace. Income is however not the only determinant of well-being as postulated by many scholars and economists leading to the proposal of other metrics to determine the standards of living. GDP on its own is therefore not conclusive in determining the standards of living of the populace. The quality of life is a wide concept that that entails a variety of entities. It includes health, work status, living conditions and the subjective perception an individual has of such factors. The gross domestic product has been used for a long time as a measure of theeconomic activity of a region or country and many policy makers use it as a benchmark on which to base their decisions. Due to this purpose the GDP has been widely used to qualify the well-being of individuals. GDP is however not sufficient a parameter and has to be supplemented by the following indicators. Individuals material living standards are better monitored by using measures of household income and consumption. In the report they argue that the income of the countrys citizens is a more efficient method in measuring their well-being than the domestic production. Some parameters affect the well-being of life positively while others affect the quality of well-being negatively. A secure environment impacts a citizens well-being positively. This is because the citizen will be more productive in a secure environment than in an insecure surrounding thus increasing the well-being of the citizen. This should be factored in determining the well-being of individuals in alternative methods that include other happiness parameters like leisure and level of education and health alongside the GDP. Business cycle and its impact of a stock market crash on the business cycle The business cycle is a systematic, irregular upward and downward movement in economic activity measured by changes in various macroeconomic variables and the gross domestic product (GDP). A business cycle is always defined by four bust and boom phases. These include recession, recovery, growth and decline. These phases repeat themselves over time. The stock market crash is an unexpected instantaneous drop in stock prices eventually bringing about a major loss of paper wealth. A stock market crash could have adverse effects on the business cycle thus making the business cycle phases unpredictable and irregular. The business cycle is primarily associated with significant business trends while some analysts use the business cycle to study and understand changes in business. The business cycle is the most common indicator that investors consider when assessing whether to enter or exit the market and at what particular event of the cycle. Stock market crashes are thought to be caused by a continued period of increasing stock prices and extra economic positivism With more money in the stock market the stock prices tend to rise significantly. The business cycle plays a role in determining when an investor or a new player enters the market depending on the potential of such a decision to make a loss or a profit. Inflation is as a direct result of the phases of the business cycle. Inflation sets in during or after the boom and affects the stock market majorly. A stock market crash brings about an increase in the interest rates which may lead to slowing economic growth. This affects the typical businesses bringing about low profits, lower sales and lower revenues. This eventually destabilizes the business cycle and could bring about irregular phases of market boom and bust. The stock market crash has a considerable effect on investment portfolio. The stock market crash affects stock market cycles for instance the duration of the bull and bear markets. The bull and bear markets are directly related to the business cycle phases and a change in their occurrence equals a change in the business cycle. Australia Thailand Economic Relations Australias economic relations with Thailand have led to both positive as well as negative impacts on the welfare of Thailand as a whole. In particular, Thailand as a nation remains a very important partner to Australia. In essence, as a trading partner, Australia has contributed to a number of impacts, both negative and positive, to the economic growth and welfare of the Thailand nation over the decades. The total two-way trade between the two nations between the years 1996 through 1997 was approximately 2.76 billion dollars, which was an increase from only 508 million dollars in the period 1986-87. The services trade as well as investment levels among these two nations have significantly remained low, though it has been increasing over the years. These relations could be both beneficial and harmful based on the relative magnitudes of trade creation as well as diversion between Australia and Thailand. One of the positive impacts resulting from these relations on the part of Thailand is that it has led to increased bilateral merchandise trade between the two nations. As a result, this has resulted in modest trade development, without any detected diversions effects. Another positive impact resulting from the relations on Thailand increased infrastructure in the nation of Thailand, particularly in terms of power, environmental management, as well as telecommunications. For instance, the rural parts of Thailand posses a range of infrastructural as well as industrial growth needs. In addition, social infrastructure including transport links for roads and railways and airports have been greatly developed. Besides, healthy services and education has also improved in Thailand over the time. Other important positive impacts include increase in the level of tourism from Australia, which has contributed to the increased construction as well as management of tourism facilities in Thailand, with a major increase in the area of eco-tourism. Technology transfer from Australia to Thailand has also been another important area. Because of increased transfer of technology for instance, Thailand has experienced higher value-added manufacturing in addition to technology-based industries such as software use. However, one of the negative impacts that Thailand has experienced from the economic relations between itself and Australia include triggering of competing bilateral agreements, which has significantly whittled away the advantages that the cooperation confers Bibliography Bolten S 2000, Stock market cycles: a practical explanation, Westport, Conn, Quorum Books. https://site.ebrary.com/id/10017887. Clark A Senik C 2015, Happiness and economic growth, Lessons from developing countries. Corby, Oxford University Press. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) 2011a, Thailand-Australia Free Trade Agreement. Available from: https://www.dfat.gov.au/fta/tafta/index.html. Kassenboehmer S Schmidt C 2011, Beyond GDP and back: what is the value-added by additional components of welfare measurement? London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. Haciog?Lu U Dinc?Er H 2017, Global financial crisis and its ramifications on capital markets: opportunities and threats in volatile economic conditions. Meier GM Stiglitz, JM 2001, Frontiers of Development Economics: The Future in Perspective, New York: Oxford University Press. Stiglitz J, Sen A Fitoussi J 2009, Report by the commission on the measurement of economic performance and social progress, Paris: Commission on the measurement of economic performance and social progress.

Proper Etiquette in the Business setting Essays - Dress Codes

Proper Etiquette in the Business setting Proper Etiquette America is an image driven country. Management is aware of how they and their employees represent that image on behalf of the company. An employee's value to will be largely determined by how successful they are at projecting that image. Business etiquette is concerned with correct behavior and practices according to social convention. In the social realm, there are certain amount of etiquette that needs to be followed when dealing with business partners, co-workers and vendors. This is something that is a must any successful business. Because the office phone is one of the most commonly used pieces o office equipment and the main source of communication between an organization and its customers, it is imperative that you use proper business etiquette. A few tips when answering the office phone; always answer in three rings or less, answer with your name and the name of the company, make business call during regular office hours, and return calls in 24 hours or less. In addition, when using cell phones and pagers, always put them on vibrate so that it will not disturb others in your work area. Emails have become the main source of communication for most organizations today. Know that how you use your e-mail, company e-mail address and employers technology is a serious issue! Sending non-business related e-mails, jokes, forwards or chain letters on company time to friends or coworkers reflects on your lack of professionalism. Be careful who you cc (carbon copy) do not broadcast your every thought to all persons in your organization. When forging new business relationships and solidifying established partnerships, the level of professionalism and courtesy you relay in your business e-mail communications will always gain clients over the competition. Many companies have gone with the idea of shared workspaces. In most situations, it is because of economical reasons. Showing consideration to colleagues in an open plan office will only work if you all adopt a mutual respect for each other. Keep your desk tidy. This is especially important if you are sharing an open plan desk and show courtesy when using any shared spaces. Be careful when having conversations. Dont speak too loudly in shared workspaces. Remembering that not everybody will share exactly the same values as you, adopt a policy of treating people how youd like to be treated yourself. This is an essential benchmark to ensure a harmonious workspace. At first thought, when you hear the term business attire it seems fairly simple. The thoughts of business attire are far from simple. Business attire can be broken down into three very different categories: business formal, business professional, and business casual. Business formal attire is more than your everyday work attire. This category is used for dressy evening events such as awards ceremonies and formal dinners. Men should wear a dark suit with a French cut shirt and silk tie or bowtie. Cufflinks and silk pocket squares that coordinate with the tie are optional accessories. The shoes should be black and also coordinate with the overall appearance of the outfit. Women should wear a conservative dress or suit with a skirt. Women must take care in choosing a dress or suit that conservatively fits his/her body and style. Business professional is considered attire that sets you aside as a professional. For men and women this means a well coordinated suit and accessories. Suits should be a solid or pinstripe dark color complimented with a solid or striped white shirt. Ties are to be silk with a solid color or simple design. All suits should be accompanied by a belt; with a simple buckle; or suspenders. Women should have a simple skirted suit. These suits should be solid, neutral, and low key in color. No matter whether a dress or skirted suits, it should reach at or just below the knee. The accompanying blouse should be simple cotton or silk. The color of the blouse should be a solid color that coordinates with the suit. Makeup and perfume should be very light and subtle. Lastly shoes should be plain, solid and dark in color. Business Casual attire simply means you do not have to wear a suit to work. For

Ethics Development, Understanding Application

Ethics Development, Understanding Application Decision-making is a process that identifies all available options to determine the most appropriate course of action given a specific situation. If this process is not followed, the decision maker risks overlooking important information, which may result in negative outcomes. Decisions are important because it creates change. When individuals make decisions, they are acting according to their personal needs or wants. Ethics also affect the decision making process. Ethics affect how an individual makes a decision based on right from wrong and good from bad.What is ethics? The word ethics is derived from the Greek work ethos, which refers to the character and sentiment of the community and standards of behavior. Ethical means conforming to the standards of a given profession or group. Any group can set its own ethical standards and then live by them or not. Ethical standards, whether established by an individual, a corporation, a profession, or a nation, help guide a person's decision s and actions.Ethical Society of St. Louis Building Front ViewThe commonly accepted definition of ethics is rules or standards that govern behavior and decision-making.So what are the ground rules of ethics and, more importantly, who establishes them? I believe the ground rules of ethics are the moral principles and values that are set or established by our society as a whole. There are so many instances in life where ethics play a major role in decisions that we make. Whether as an individual, group, or organization, we have to do our part ensure that the decisions we make does not cause harm or create a climate of contempt and distrust to others. Failure to do so, depending on the decision-maker's role, position, or profession and the degree of severity, will have a negative impact on others or even our society.Decision-making also requires risks to be taken.

Unit 1 - Business Enviroment + Unit Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Unit 1 - Business Enviroment + Unit - Coursework Example erent organizations, there are however four basic goals that an organization focuses on like survival in the growing competitive market, enhancing profits through increased sales and reduced production costs, growth and expansion, and capturing increasing share of the national and international markets. Since most organizations essentially seek profits therefore making maximum profit becomes the most important objective of the owners. However, there are some organizations like the charitable organizations whose principle purpose is to provide service to people. In the beginning of any business, an organization has no goodwill in the market nor does it have loyal customers. Therefore, in the initial stage the key objective remains survival which can be achieved through good marketing and promotional strategies. With the growth of the business, profit making becomes the most important objective. In most organizations, it is the owners who decide what the objectives should be for a give n period; however there are other stakeholders who can also give their views and opinions. Stakeholders are any group of people who have interest in the activities of the business organization which can be managers, employees, suppliers and customers. When a stakeholder’s interest is considered then it is known as stakeholder consideration like owners giving up part of their profits to pay bonus to the employees in order to motivate them to focus harder towards fulfilling the objectives of the concerned organization (BBC, 2014). The objectives of a business organization are subjected to change for both internal reasons, like business expansion, and external reasons, such as economic depression. When a profitable business gets negatively affected by economic depression like decreasing sales, it may change its goal from profit maximization goal to survival as it may become difficult to maintain the same level of output. Organizational objectives and missions are some of the vit al

Discuss the rise in importance of FDI for Multinational Enterprises Essay

Discuss the rise in importance of FDI for Multinational Enterprises - Essay Example This deepening and widening economic integration is achieved through three main channels such as trade, foreign direct investment and the international transfer of knowledge and technology. The enterprises, which have dispersed their business processes across the globe through the channel of FDI, are termed as Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). These MNEs are the main pillars in the globalized economies which involved in the world economic activities. Though trade which principally means export-import of goods and services across the geographical regions are there since many years but the concept of foreign direct investment (FDI) is rather of recent origin. Being different from portfolio investment this type of investment entails a firm to open its subsidiary in a foreign land to expand its business activities there. In today's fast moving global economy the scale of FDI made by a multinational enterprise plays a vital role for the growth of developed as well as developing countries across the world. In this essay the rise in FDI as well as its importance for the MNEs has been vividly described in the Section-II and also an analysis of the circumstances under which FDI may or may not be an appropriate strategy for an international business has been made in the Section-III. The conclusion to the discussion has been given in Section-IV. The analysis of the rising trend in the various regions of the world and the possible impact of FDI in the host and home economies has been made in this paper. II. FDI: The Increasing Trend in Global Economy "FDI is defined as a firm based in one country (the 'home country') owning 10 percent or more of the stock of a company located in a foreign country (the 'host country') -- this amount of stock is generally enough to give the home country firm significant control rights over the host country firm. Most FDI is in wholly-owned or nearly wholly-owned subsidiaries." (http://www.populareconomics.org/globalization/html%20/Glossary.html). Thus FDI is different from the portfolio investment which may cross borders but lacks such controls over it. This FDI may be 'Green-field'1 or 'Acquisition/Mergers'2 and also it may be 'horizontal'3 or 'vertical'4. "Thus to create, acquire or expand a foreign subsidiary, MNEs undertake FDI. The total direct capital owned by non-residents in a given country each year constitutes the stock of FDI" (Navaretti & Venables, 3). If one makes a comparison between export and FDI during the last twentieth century one can see that the exports grew much stronger than FDI in the pre 1980 period while the FDI sown an unprecedented rise after 1985. "The worldwide real GDP increased at a rate of 2.5% per year between 1985 and 1999 and worldwide exports by 5.6%, worldwide real inflows of FDI increased by 17.7%." (Navaretti & Venables 3). Also it is seen that the worldwide FDI stocks increased from $794 billion to $1, 768 billion in the second half of the eighties (Table-1). That means they more than doubled in just six years. The inflow of FDI peaked in the year 2000 but suddenly declined from the year 2001 due to slowing down of economy.

The Effects of Mouthwash on Pea Seeds Germination Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Mouthwash on Pea Seeds Germination Essay Purpose: The purpose of the pea seeds germination lab is to determine whether pea seeds will sprout with the absence of a complete water solution and replaced by Listerine Mouthwash. Water is the most basic and useful, natural resources for all living things. Water is extremely responsible for carrying all life functions within the cell. Life cannot exist on earth without the presence of water. In this lab we will investigate to see if seeds can germinate with a substance which its inactive ingredient is water. Since seeds require water in order for its embryo to rise up, one may conclude that mouthwash which contains a small regiment of water molecules can indeed provide for the environment of seed germination. One concept that will also be determined is whether a dormant seed can sprout under a fairly good temperature, the right amount of oxygen, and a mouthwash solution. In this lab, the experiment will distinguish whether a seed would sprout meeting only some of its requirements. Another purpose that will be examined is the mutual effects of germinating seeds in mouthwash. The seeds’ tendency to respond to their environment will also be put into account. The discovery of how seeds will react in a water solution and a mouthwash solution (shape and color) will definitely be seen throughout the experimental lab. To determine how the seed may change its shape or its color there must be thorough evaluations made upon the seed’s appearance. HYPOTHESIS: After examining some of the key aspects in which seeds must adhere to in order to go through the process of germination one can state a proposed idea that seeds will not sprout within a Listerine Mouthwash solution. After acknowledging the fact that pea seeds are very specific in their type of environment that they need to germinate, there is no way in which the seeds will sprout in abnormal conditions. The act of germinating seeds in mouthwash will cause the seeds to remain or become dormant, the seed’s resting stage. In a more detailed description of why mouthwash would not be the best solution for the seed to absorb during the process of seed germination, is that the chemicals found in mouthwash like menthol, methyl salicylate, and etc. can cause harmful effects on the seed’s ability to sprout. These harsh chemical reactants can produce havoc within the cell’s interior. Mouthwash may also cause the endosperm to remain inside the seed which will make the seed very resistant to germinate. METHODS/PROCEDURES: In the beginning of the experiment, pea seeds were used in order to perform the experiment. It was extremely important to acquire good, dry, and viable seeds so the process of germination could occur. A handful of these healthy seeds worked best in assisting the experiment. The seeds ability to germinate was a vital information needed to determine the outcome of the experiment. The second step of the experiment was to soak the seeds in water overnight. This action was made to prepare the seeds for germination and making them more softer and less rigid. The seeds were placed in a bowl and were covered by tin foil. It was set up on the refrigerator to minimize any outside interference that may come to it. After a full night of absorbing the water, the seeds were ready to start the next stage. The third step that was taken was germinating the seeds. Two sets of paper towels were used to germinate the batch of seeds. The handful of seeds were split into two groups, one being the controlled group and the other being the experimental group. One of the paper towels were soaked in 3 tablespoons of water and the other was soaked in 3 tablespoons of Listerine Mouthwash. The amount of each solution remained the same in order to have a controlled experiment in which any changes that occurred in the dependent variable could be traced by only the independent variable. Having different measurements of quantity can affect the outcome. To make sure that a group of seeds did not have a difference in the amount of solution added, measuring them was very vital. The seeds that were labeled as the control treatments were placed on the towel soaked in H2O. The second batch of seeds labeled as the experimental group was placed on the towel soaked in mouthwash. Then, after that, the two towels with the seeds in it were folded and placed in separate zip-lock bags. The two zip lock bags sat on the dresser of my room for weeks. Having the seeds in a nice and warm temperature is better than, having them in an extreme temperature range that would hurt the seeds tremendously (seeds are very particular in the kind of environment they are in). In the first six days, the number of seeds that sprouted was accounted for in each bag. Another problem I accounted was knowing if all the seeds remained in the â€Å"seed sandwich†. Perhaps one seed could have dropped to the floor. To overcome this problem, I had to count and make sure that the amount of seeds were still there from the previous day. This was the entire procedure conducted. OBSERVATIONS/DATA: Throughout the six days of experimentation, the two batches of seeds were showing extremely different outcomes. Their response toward the water solution was different from their response toward the mouthwash solution. The seeds that germinated with water responded positively. The seeds germinated in Listerine Mouthwash responded negatively. On day 1, the seeds in a water solution sprouted. Little hypocotyl structures emerged from the seed coat, which showed signs of germination. About a centimeter long, 21out of 27 seeds germinated with their little, tiny structures sticking out. At the edge of the hypocotyl was a thin leafy structure known as the radicle. The seeds germinated rather quickly in just a day. Unfortunately, the seeds found in the mouth wash solution did not sprout at all and still held its green, brownish color. On day 2, the seeds’ stems grew longer. Their radicles extended a little longer like over 1 cm. This time, 24 out of 27 seeds germinated. The seeds in the mouthwash solution did not sprout at all. None of the seeds showed any signs of germination. One thing was quite weird during my last trial. Signs of shedding appeared in the seeds found in the mouthwash solution. One seed seem to be stripping its coat off. This observation showed up in only one of the trials, therefore it probably happened by chance. Both groups of seeds received nearly the same amount of that specific solution, which showed that the controlled group did not get a greater advantage over the other group. On day 3,the stems grew longer in the controlled group and the same outcomes remained in the experimental group. On days 4, 5, and 6, the seed grew accordingly. Their radicles became even longer with their bright green appearance. The seeds were fully germinated and ready to be put in the soil to germinate.

The Dynamics of Power in South Africa and Palestine :: South Africa Palestine Power Essays

The Dynamics of Power in South Africa and Palestine For over a hundred years, whites consolidated their power in predominantly black South Africa. In the last fifty years, Israelis have played a major hand in dispersing and oppressing the Palestinian people. Edward Said believes that â€Å"The relationship between Occident and Orient is a relationship of power, of domination, of varying degrees of a complex hegemony† (Orientalism 133). Though the geographic reference of this quotation seems less applicable to South Africa, Said’s intuition into the complexity of race relations between oppressors and the oppressed still rings true. Nadine Gordimer’s two short stories, â€Å"Once Upon a Time† and â€Å"The Moment Before the Gun Went Off,† and Edward Said’s work â€Å"After the Last Sky: Palestinian Lives† describe the power structures in South Africa and Palestine, respectively. Both authors clearly depict situations in which one group wields disproportionate authority in its relationship with another group. This parallel confusedly meets the oblique disparities between black/white and Jew/non-Jew interaction. In the exclusive context of Gordimer’s two short stories and Said’s piece, the hegemonies in South Africa and in Palestine are maintained in similar fashion, but with greatly differing results. Both black South Africans and Palestinians are forced to live in segregated, poor communities and are subject to dehumanizing legislation. Gordimer’s story, â€Å"Once Upon a Time,† speaks of economic and racial segregation explicitly: â€Å"There were riots, but they were outside the city, where a people of another color were quartered† (Gordimer 25). The classism and condescension of the white residents is clear as they recall with contempt those black robbers who snagged stores of fine alcohol: â€Å"the thieves wouldn’t even have been able to appreciate what it was they were drinking† (27). Moreover, they speak disdainfully of the unemployed blacks who spoiled â€Å"a beautiful suburb† (27) â€Å"only by their presence† (27). As Said painfully depicts, Palestinians find themselves in a very similar position in a system of â€Å"virtual apartheid† (Said 142). He describes the process through which Palestinians are â€Å"herded into new camps† (19) and their â€Å"identity is confined to frightened little islands in an inhospitable environment of superior military force† (19). Said paints a sad picture of the poor and destitute nature of life in the Palestinian refugee camps. Physical and economic segregation leaves both black South Africans and Palestinians on the outside, looking in. A critical difference between the power hierarchies in these two countries lies in the level of integration and the nature of the interaction between oppressors and the oppressed.

Deception in Psychological research Essay

Deception in psychological research usually entails tricking people so that the researchers can get the answers they need or ascertain why things happen the way they do. There are many controversial topics in psychology and all of them seek to explain the things in our environment and people’s behavior. One of these controversial topics is hypnosis usage under cognitive psychology. Hypnosis is a good way of assisting in repressed memories. It has assisted many people in therapeutic procedures but its effectiveness is sometimes questionable by others. Hypnosis as a way of facilitating repressed memories Hypnosis is a form of Recovered Memory Therapy that helps a person with memory relapse to recall information that they cannot remember. A person does not necessarily mean that someone is asleep. Therefore it is a state between being awake and asleep. Trances serve as an example of hypnotic functions. Though they serve similar purposes, trances need to be differentiated from hypnosis because they are done deliberately as used in clinical procedures to help people with memory loss or lapses to regain them. The sympathetic nervous system controls arousals while the parasympathetic nervous system relaxation. These two systems do not function at the same time. When people are in the hypnotic state, they give up their consciousness and accept the inner truth (Richard, 1998). A person can undergo a deep trance where a person or the hypnotist facilitates the process or a lighter trance referred to as self hypnosis which individuals can create by themselves. This is where a person creates their own visual memory via meditation, listening to soft music or some other ways while maintaining a certain level of consciousness. Negative hypnosis occurs when people are easily influenced by what others say and the things they are exposed to. If people are told that they are not able to do certain things and they believe in such comments, then there is a likely hood that they will not accomplish they thing they have been discouraged. This is what constitutes the negative hypnotic state. Therefore, hypnosis is about expectations. If a person has positive expectations, then they can achieve any thing that they set for themselves but if they are negative, they are more likely to fail at whatever they decide on. Health care practitioners can therefore enhance the well being of their patients by assisting them in increasing their positive expectations. Hypnosis is important in helping sick with psychogenic amnesia or people who have lost their blocked certain memories as a result of traumatic experiences. It has been seen to work well for such patients. Research has shown some cases like child sexual as well as physical abuse can be forgotten. Likewise, evidence of recovery of the memories has also been shown (APA, 2001). At first, when the memory is being got, it presents itself in bits and pieces therefore more sessions with the person have to be conducted so as to help in recovering the memory. Traumatic memories often present themselves in a different manner than ordinary experiences. This is because this form of extreme information can interfere with other brain functions. Studies have suggested that traumatic memories that have been recalled are just as accurate as the traumatic memories that have been forgotten. Case study To examine whether hypnosis is an effective way of facilitating repressed memories, a study was conducted by Widom and Morris in 1998. The study included 23 adults; 12 females and 11 males who had been exposed to childhood abuse experiences and had repressed memory lapse in over 15 years. This group underwent hypnotic therapy for a period of three months (Widom & Morris, 1998). From the study, it was seen that the there is a difference in the way of recalling events between the women and the men. The women were willing to share the little pieces of information that they could recall but the men were not. This influenced the hypnotic procedures because little memory was collected on most of the males as compared to the women. As the sessions progressed, there were slight improvements in memory and this can be attributed to the intense impact of the traumatic experiences on the victims as was seem from those who managed to get some of their memory back. At the end of the study period, 53% of the women and 42% of the men had recovered their memory and were satisfied that it as true. A quarter of those studied who managed to get their memory back had rejected their results saying that they may be false while the remaining never really got their memory back but said that so far they were pleased with their lives and would not engage in any other tests. From the study, we can say that hypnosis does work and can help people regain the memory they have lost. As the process was underway, most of the patients had a positive change in their personality as they said that they were more engaged in community activities as they were encouraged by the test takers. At the end of the study period, approximately half of the patients had got their memory back and this shows that if the procedures are done well and for a longer period, then people with previous traumatic incidents that need recovery can gain their memory back. About 25% of the individuals said that they usually kept to them selves and this can be a contributing factor as they do not trust the therapists to help them recover the memory. Various studies have also shown that events in a person’s life influence their behavior as well as interpersonal relations with others. From the above case, the unwillingness of some clients to share basic information limited the process. Some of those who refused said that as much as they wanted to get their memories back, said that it would probably affect them in a negative way. If they did, the numbers would have definitely increased. â€Å"There is conflict between the in formation a person wants to know and what they would like to forget all together. Some people may remember too much too little and this may be good or bad depending on the context they are presented (Herman, 1995). † Nowadays, some people feel that there are not enough scientific research studies to back up the credibility of the various research memories. Others continue to say that one cannot completely tell whether the results got are true or of they are based on what the hypnotist has been telling them. Even when the patient who agrees that the memory that they got was false, their condition can be worse when they suffer Post traumatic Stress Disorder. Some fear the use of hypnotic procedures on children because it would affect them psychologically and this is not helping in improving their situation. †This kind of therapy confuses the mind as a person cannot tell the difference between what is real and imaginative and this has further contributed to the destruction of families (Rivera, 1993). † In addition, they can deny certain memories because of guilt, the need to protect their families or may be reacting according to the stress levels they have been exposed to. The False Memory syndrome Association says that they have a lot of cases that are taken to court have shown that that some therapists are liars as they implant false memories on their patients (Thierry & Spence, 2004). With the increase in such cases, some judges refuse getting evidence that has been recovered through hypnotic procedures. â€Å"Such methods of treatment have therefore also not been fully accepted in science as well as psychology (Schacter, 1996). † In 1997, according to the U. S bureau of Justice statistics report on a survey of female inmates in jail, it was found that 36% of them had been abused when they were young and one third of them has been raped they were imprisoned. And further 16 case studies on child abused individuals for comparison was undertaken and it showed that about 15% of them were abused as children. This shows that as much as the experiences can be traumatic, not all of them are forgotten and if, they have been suppressed by the individual but they can be retrieved if proper therapy is used. Individuals can recollect a few things and these bits are necessary in the formation of the bigger picture. The few loopholes in research should not be a foundation for dismissing hypnosis in retrieving repressed memories. People have had serious accidents and this form of therapy has helped some who medication did not help in regaining their memories back. Hypnosis therapy is a powerful mechanism as it enables people to regain memories that they thought they could never regain as well as achieve certain goals they have set for themselves. â€Å"This power and acceptance of hypnosis as a form of therapy is due to the fact that it deals with capabilities which appear to be beyond normal activities (Hopper& van der Kolk, 2001). † Moreover, it gives people power to discover their inner being and stop actions such as smoking, drinking and other forms if addictions. Hypnosis also serves as a motivation for people’s engagement in physical activities and aids in reducing stress. This kind of therapy is helping in treating illnesses and certain disorders (De Vos & Louw, 2008). Hypnosis is also used as a form of therapy in children as a form of helping in changing their behavior and assisting in improving their health. In addition, hypnosis enhances personality enrichment by improving people’s self esteems, self confidence such that they get the courage to speak out in public when initially they could not. â€Å"Weight loss motivation, healthy eating and exercise, better sleep for people with seeing disorders, controlling anger, and controlling peoples fears among other things (Thierry & Spence, 2004). † Reliability and Validity of Research The study was reliable because the results indicated the specific responses of the individuals and since the study sample was small, it was easier to monitor individual progress. This would not have been the case if it were a larger number. Those individuals who were found out to have been sexually abused when they were young said that that was a possibility and most knew the individuals further proving that the results were reliable and valid. In addition, the individuals all showed up for the sessions as required therefore the lack of memory recovery could not be attributed to not attending the sessions. On top of these, no form of biasness was seen as the procedures were made as standard as possible and all variables that needed to be controlled were checked. Conclusion Hypnosis therapy usage is acceptable in society has it has helped a lot of people in more than one way especially in facilitating repressed memories. After all, the main goal of the procedure is to assist in the well being of a person. These form of therapy needs to be supported in increasing its evidentiary weight such that these memories can be used as evidence in the courts of law. Clinicians as well as psychotherapists therefore need to be skilled in this area for them to be able to properly guide the procedure so that the clients can get true memories which are part o their whole being and without them they are not complete. References American Psychological Association (APA) 2001. Understanding Child Sexual Abuse Rivera, Joseph. â€Å"‘Trauma searches’ plant the seed of imagined misery,† The Sacramento Bee, May 18, 1993. Herman, J. L. (1995). Crime and memory. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 23, 5-17. H. M. De Vos and D. A. Louw (2008). Hypnosis-induced mental training programmes as a strategy to improve the self-concept of students Vol. 57, No. 2, Higher education journal 2008 Hopper, J. W. , & van der Kolk, B. A. (2001). Retrieving, Assessing, and Classifying Traumatic Memories. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma, 4, 33-71; and Freyd, J. F. , & DePrince, A. P. (Editors). Trauma and Cognitive Science (pp. 33-71). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press. Richard, S. C. July 1, (1998). The magic of hypnosis: is it child’s play? The Journal of Psychology Schacter, Daniel L. (1996). Searching for Memory – the brain, the mind, and the past. New York, Basic Books. Thierry, KL, Spence MJ (2004). Contemporary hypnosis Widom, C. S. & Morris, S. (1998). Adult recollections of childhood victimization: Childhood sexual abuse. Psychological Assessment, 8, 412-421.

LSAT Logical Reasoning Sample Practice Questions

The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet. Question 1 Biologists attached a radio transmitter to one of a number of wolves that had been released earlier in the White River Wilderness Area as part of a relocation project. The biologists hoped to use this wolf to track the movements of the whole pack. Wolves usually range over a wide area in search of prey, and frequently follow the migrations of their prey animals. The biologists were surprised to find that this particular wolf never moved more than five miles away from the location in which it was first tagged. Which one of the following, if true, would by itself most help to explain the behavior of the wolf tagged by the biologists? A.  The area in which the wolves were released was rocky and mountainous, in contrast to the flat, heavily-wooded area from which they were taken.   B. The wolf had been tagged and released by the biologists only three miles away from a sheep ranch that provided a large, stable population of prey animals. C.  The White River Wilderness Area had supported a population of wolves in past years, but they had been hunted to extinction. D.  Although the wolves in the White River Wilderness Area were under government protection, their numbers had been sharply reduced, within a few years of their release, by illegal hunting. E.  The wolf captured and tagged by the biologists had split off from the main pack whose movements the biologists had hoped to study, and its movements did not represent those of the main pack. Answer below. Scroll down. Question 2 As any economist knows, healthy people pose less of an economic burden to society than unhealthy people. Not surprisingly, then, every dollar our state government spends on prenatal care for undocumented immigrants will save taxpayers of this state three dollars. Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the statistics cited above are not surprising? A.  The state’s taxpayers pay for prenatal care of all  immigrants. B.  Babies born in this state to undocumented immigrant parents are entitled to infant care benefits from the state. C.  State benefits for prenatal care serve to promote undocumented immigration. D.  Babies whose mothers did not receive prenatal care.are just as healthy as other babies. E.  Pregnant women who do not receive prenatal care are more likely to experience health problems than other pregnant women. Question 3 Beautiful beaches attract people, no doubt about it. Just look at this city’s beautiful beaches, which are among the most overcrowded beaches in Florida. Which of the following exhibits a pattern of reasoning most similar to the one exhibited in the argument above? A.  Moose and bear usually appear at the same drinking  hole at the same time of day. Therefore, moose and  bear must grow thirsty at about the same time. B.  Children who are scolded severely tend to misbehave.more often than other children. Hence if a child is not scolded severely that child is less likely to misbehave. C.  This software program helps increase the work  efficiency of its users. As a result, these users  have more free time for other activities. D.  During warm weather, my dog suffers from fleas  more so than during cooler weather. Therefore,  fleas must thrive in a warm environment. E. Pesticides are known to cause anemia in some people.  However, most anemic people live in regions where  pesticides are not commonly used. Answers to LSAT Logical Reasoning Questions Question 1: Most wolves range over a wide area in search of prey; this particular wolf hung around the same area. An explanation that immediately suggests itself is that this particular wolf found enough prey in this area, so it didn’t have to run all over looking for food. This is the tack taken by B. If the wolf had a large stable population of sheep on which to pray in the immediate vicinity, there was no need for it to range over a wide territory looking for food. A  doesn’t have much direct bearing on this particular wolf’s lack of mobility. While it’s true that a wolf might find it harder to move around in the mountainous  country, the stimulus says that  wolves, in general, tend to cover great distances in search of food. There’s no hint that a wolf in a mountainous area should prove an exception to this rule. C  is irrelevant: While the White River Wilderness Area may once have supported a population of wolves, knowing this does nothing to explain the behavior of this particular wolf. D, if anything, gives what seems to be a reason for our wolf to make tracks and migrate somewhere else.  Certainly,  D doesn’t explain why our wolf didn’t follow usual wolf hunting methods. E answers the wrong question; it would help explain why the naturalists couldn’t use our wolf to study the movements of the larger pack. However, we haven’t been asked that; we want to know why this specific wolf didn’t behave the way wolves usually do. Question 2 The argument relies on the unstated assumption that prenatal care results in better health and therefore less cost to society. E helps to affirm this assumption. A  is irrelevant to the argument, which makes no distinction between undocumented immigrants and other immigrants. B describes benefits that  might  decrease the overall tax burden, but only if the prenatal care program serves to reduce  the amount of  infant-care benefits paid. The argument does not inform us whether this is the case. Thus it is impossible to assess the extent to which B would explain how the prenatal care would save the taxpayers money. C actually renders the statistics  more  surprising, by providing evidence that prenatal care will add to society’s economic burden. D also renders the statistics  more  surprising, by providing evidence that the cost of the prenatal care program will  not  be offset by a particular health benefit—a benefit which would lessen the taxpayers\’ economic burden. Question 3 The correct response to Question 3 is (D). The original argument bases a conclusion that one phenomenon causes another on an observed correlation between the two phenomena. The argument boils down to the following: Premise:  X (beautiful beach) is correlated with Y (crowd  of people).Conclusion:  X (beautiful beach) causes Y (crowd of people). Answer choice (D) demonstrates the same pattern of reasoning: Premise:  X (warm weather) is correlated with Y (fleas).Conclusion:  X (warm weather) causes Y (fleas). (A) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (moose at the drinking hole) is correlated with Y (bears at the drinking hole).Conclusion:  X (moose) and Y (bear) are both caused by Z (thirst). (B) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (scolding children) is correlated with Y (misbehavior among children).Assumption:  Either X causes Y, or Y causes X.Conclusion:  Not X (no scolding) will be correlated with not Y (no misbehavior). (C) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument: Premise:  X (software program) causes Y (efficiency).Assumption:  Y (efficiency) causes Z (free time).Conclusion:  X (software program) causes Z (free time). (E) demonstrates a different pattern of reasoning than the original argument. In fact, (E) is not a complete argument; it contains two premises but no conclusion: Premise:  X (pesticides) causes Y (anemia).Premise:  Not X (pesticide-free regions) is correlated with Y (anemia).